Health Status Of Health Care Essay - 753 Words

Compare health status There are 100 core indicators published by WHO to compare countries for their health system. These indicators are divided into Health system, health status, risk factor, nutrition coverage. These 100 indicators provide overall picture of health status of a country. Following table will give such relevant health status data about our countries of interest. Table 1 Comparison of various health indices between USA, Canada and India Indicator/ Country Canada USA India Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live birth) (2015) 4 6 38 Life expectancy at birth (in years) (2013) 81 79 68 Maternal Mortality/100000 live births (2015) 7 14 174 (World Bank) Health care organization (Structure and finance): In India, Health care is provided by private and public provider. Private providers constitute more than 80 % of service provided (Healthcare indicator, 2010). Public system comprises Primary health center, community center (at district level), and tertiary center. Health insurance is mostly private except employee state insurance scheme, central government health scheme, defense, railway employee. Private health system includes clinics, nursing home, hospitals. It accounts for 67 % 30,000 total hospitals, 33% of 1 million beds (Healthcare indicator, 2010). So health care finance in India is mostly private asShow MoreRelatedSocioeconomic Status And Health Care933 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to About.com (Elizabeth Boskey, 2014), socioeconomic status is defined as a arrangement of elements including income, level of education, and occupation. It is a way of looking at how individuals or families fit into society us ing economic and social measures that have been shown to influence individuals health and well-being. Socioeconomic status is broken into three categories: high, middle, and low social economic status. These three categories are used to describe the three areasRead MoreSocioeconomic Status and Health Care Essays1776 Words   |  8 PagesSocioeconomic Status and Health Care Sharing My Own Perspective There is a strong correlation with an individual or group SES and the quality of health care received. Social Economic Class relates to what group of class an individual fit in based on their income, which can include wages, investments or other source. The quality of care depends on the facilities that is offering the services, the staff, accessibility to the service and the kind of health insurance that the person has. Affording health careRead MoreTaking Care Of Myself : My Health Status Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesTaking Care of Myself This is not the first time that I was invited to reflect on my life, and as it had been in the past, I would not hold back and be honest in my self-appraisal. In the last couple of years, my health has not been as great as it used to be. Thanks to the torn menisci on my knees. Indeed, there is much to be desired in my current health status. However, as had been observed, nurses make some of the worst patients. I ignore my body’s signals to go slow and take it easyRead MoreCurrent Status and Impact of Health Care Reform1667 Words   |  7 PagesJoseph Willis Subject: Current Status and Impact of Health Care Reform Date: 25 January 2011 The purpose of this report is to examine the current state of health care as well as the impacts that new legislation will have on the United States healthcare system. Specifically, this report will inspect the immediate and long term effects of the healthcare reform bill HR 3590 that was signed into law on March 23, 2010 as well as investment advice on the medical care industry. There are two main topicsRead MoreHealth Status and Health Care Services in China with Comparison to the United States2180 Words   |  9 PagesHealth Status and Health Care Services in China with comparison to the United States HSM310 Introduction to Health Services Management Course Project December 12, 2010 A health care system refers to the comprehensive organization, structures and strategies through which Medicare and health care is made available by the government to its citizens. A health care system is a product of countries politics. It is a nations system of governance that will dictate upon the most convenient model ofRead MoreHealth Status and Health Care Services in Poland with Comparison to the United States4106 Words   |  17 Pagesand Health Status†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Demographic characteristics of population Mortality, Infant mortality data, causes of death Other data of health status Related information (such as on quality if life); analysis Availability of Health Services Basic organization/general description of services institutions, providers of care Issues related to access Utilization of services (data, if available) Other related information/analysis Expenditures How are health servicesRead MoreHealth Status and Health Care Services in China with Comparison to the United States2212 Words   |  9 PagesHealth Status and Health Care Services in China with comparison to the United States HSM310 Introduction to Health Services Management Course Project December 12, 2010 A health care system refers to the comprehensive organization, structures and strategies through which Medicare and health care is made available by the government to its citizens. A health care system is a product of countries politics. It is a nations system of governance that will dictate upon the most convenient model ofRead MoreHealth Status and Health Care Services in the United Kingdom with Comparison to the United States2251 Words   |  10 Pages*********@rocketmail.com Health Status and Health Care Services in the United Kingdom with comparison to the United States HSM310 Introduction to Health Services Management Course Project Date submitted: 11/29/2015 Table of Contents Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 Population and Health Status†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... 3 Demographic characteristics of population Mortality, Infant mortality data, causes of death Other data of health status Related informationRead MoreMy Current Health Status : How Well You Take Care Of Yourself Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesReflect On How Well You Take Care Of Yourself This is not the first time that I was invited to reflect on my life, and as it had been in the past, I would not hold back and be honest in my self-appraisal. In the last couple of years, my health has not been as great as it used to be. Thanks to the torn menisci on my knees. Indeed, there is much to be desired in my current health status. However, as had been observed, nurses make some of the worst patients. I ignore my body’s signals toRead MoreThe Health Care Provider Ordered An Hiv Test Based On The Patient s Narrative And His Positive Tb Status812 Words   |  4 PagesThe health care provider ordered an HIV test based on the patient’s narrative and his positive TB status. Tuberculosis infection is frequently an initial indication of HIV infection. Therefore, it is routine to test patients with TB for HIV. Also, the patient complains of being run-down and sick all of the time, which could be a sign that his immune system is impaired. The presence of any other opportunistic infections or malignancies may also be indicative of HIV. Opportunistic infections occur

Brain Research and Its Influence on Language Development...

Brain Research and its Influence on Language Development and Acquisition Tasha Maxon Ashford University Language Development in Young Children ECE 315 Pilar Carroll August 23, 2010 Brain Research and its Influence on Language Development and Acquisition Language acquisition is one of the most fundamental human traits, and it is obviously the brain that undergoes the developmental changes (Sakai, 2005, p. 815-819). During the years of language acquisition, the brain not only stores linguistic information but also adapts to the grammatical regularities of language. Recent advances in functional neuro-imaging have substantially contributed to systems-level analyses of brain development (Sakai, 2005, p. 815-819). Perhaps no aspect of†¦show more content†¦The brain encodes the words and actually rearranges its brain cells into connections or networks to produce language (Fleming, Family Life Specialist, 2002). Brain research clearly indicates that language development must be fostered early in children or be impaired or lost. If a child hears little or no human sound, the brain waits in vain and eventually will retire these cells from this function and give these cells a different function. By age ten, if the child has not hear d spoken works, the ability to learn spoken language is lost (Fleming, Family Life Specialist, 2002). In an Indiana study, implants used in young deaf children to introduce human sound actually changed the brain structure so that these youth could begin constructing a vocabulary. The use it or lose it principle applies to the brain and language development (Fleming, Family Life Specialist, 2002). A University of Chicago study showed that babies whose mothers talked to them more had a bigger vocabulary. By twenty four months, the infants of less talkative mothers knew three hundred fewer words than babies whose mothers spoke to them frequently (Fleming, Family Life Specialist, 2002). Babies are listeners and spoken language reinforces brain connections, which encourage more language development. Another study that scanned brain activity of children revealed that between the ages of four and twelve an enormous amount of brain restructuring takes place (Fleming, Family Life Specialist, Show MoreRelatedLanguage Acquisition : What Is Encompassed By The Phrase Meaning Making Within Early Childhood? Essay1654 Words   |  7 Pageswill be the theme, language acquisition, because this is one aspect of how children make meaning of their world. However, there are other factors that need to be considered, these include Language and thought, attunement and attachment. Language acquisition is the process in which humans develop a language to be able to produce words and sentences to communicate with others. The discussion of how children learn language and if adults have an impact on the child’s language development will also be arguedRead MoreThe Effects of Bilingualism on Cognitive Development Essay1375 Words   |  6 Pageseffects bilingualism has on cognitive development? Our world is becoming progressively bilingual; in the US 21% of school age children between the ages of 5-17 years old can speak other than English at home and this number is expected to incr ease in the coming years. On top of social reasons, the positive effects to the cognitive development of the brain when introduced to a second language are of many. The age of acquisition is vital due to the plasticity of the brain, which according to the criticalRead MoreFactors that Promote Rapid Language Learning in Children?1406 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to Chomsky (1972), language acquisition is one of the exclusive characteristics of human beings and is known as the jewel in the crown of cognition (Pinker, 1994). It is well known that other species on earth have communication system also, but differ substantially in their qualities from human communication. Several attempts have been made to teach apes to speak (Allen Gardner, 1969; Savage-Rumbaugh, Sevcik, Hopkins, 1988), but language acquisition is a mystery of human beings, itRead MoreBilingualism And Aphasia A Theoretical Review1261 Words   |  6 Pagesreported speaking a language other than English. The expandin g multiculturalism in this country has been compared to a â€Å"salad bowl† that blends â€Å"ingredients† into a cohesive but distinctive integration. Likewise, the organization of the brain can be thought of comparatively in that localized parts of the brain have different functions but integrate when mediating behaviors of the mind. However, speaking two or more languages impacts the way language and behavior is processed. Research has been conductedRead MoreNature vs. Nurture in Language Development1678 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is Language? Language is a tool we have been using to understand and develop our thinking. We have been: Learning about the thinking of others by reading Expressing our own thinking through writing Exchanging ideas with others by speaking and listening Thought and language can contribute to clear, effective thinking and communication. Language is a system of symbols for thinking and communicating. At 5 years of age human is expected to have; Articulated speech, Vocabulary of more than 6000 wordsRead MoreChildren Learning Language Through Imitation Essay1077 Words   |  5 PagesChildren Learning Language Through Imitation In this essay I intend on studying child language acquisition not only through imitation, but innateness, intellectual development and input also. This is a relatively new area of language research, which has very few definite answers or rules that can be applied invariably. This is why I believe that it is best to look at all the main aspects of how we learn to talk, in order to gain a greater perspective of the theorysRead MoreThe First Article Is Chaos / Complexity Science And Second Language Acquisition1109 Words   |  5 Pagestitle of the first article is Chaos/ complexity Science and Second Language Acquisition. The author indicates immediately the significant similarities between second language acquisition (SLA) and the new science of Chaos/complexity happening in nature, and she expresses her hope that learning about nonlinear systems will discourage reductionist form oversimplifying and explaining matters of interest to second language acquisition researchers. Feathers of Complex Nonlinear system: Chaos/complexityRead MoreIndia Is The Big Country With Big Diversity?1610 Words   |  7 Pagesvarieties of languages speak by people across India. We have different states the people of different sate speak difference languages. People of Maharashtra speak Marathi language; people of Gujarat speak Guajarati language but within Gujarat there are varieties of languages which are speak by people in different part of Gujarat. For example kathiyavadi in saurasthrra, surti in Surat and nearby areas etc. This is not only in Gujarat but same story of all states across India. Language is one of importantRead MoreThe Aspect Of Language Development1310 Words   |  6 Pagesschool students speak another language other than English at home. Although some parents prefer their children exposed to monolingual environment, the mainstream trend is more and more children in America speak one language at home but another language at school, or use both first and second language at school. Bilingual education becomes more and more important for bilingual children growing up in target language environment. Commonly, children learn second language through two different sequencesRead MoreThe Bilingual Mindsets951 Words   |  4 PagesBilingual Mindsets In a globalized world, English is and has been universal language for communications around the world. For that reason, U.S. has never had an urgency to learn and appreciate foreign languages. Most of school systems treat language classes not important as the core curriculum. According to the current positions on bilingual education, schools in the United States teach languages at exactly the wrong time and exclude children from all the benefits that extend beyond pure

I’M Afraid of Getting Older Free Essays

â€Å"I’m Afraid of Getting Older! † Are you afraid of getting older? Are you ready enough to face aging? Most of us think that â€Å"getting older† means having wrinkles, turning of hair color from black to white, receding hairline, visual blurring and a lot more horrifying physical changes in our body. We live in a world that is obsessed with looking young and beautiful. Faced with loss of youth, many of us feel profound fear, loneliness, and regret—which leads to the depressing idea that the best years of our lives are behind us. We will write a custom essay sample on I’M Afraid of Getting Older or any similar topic only for you Order Now But, is getting older a truly scary dream visualized by most of the youth nowadays? Actually, getting older is not as frightening as it seems. We should come to understand that getting old and †¦ yes, even dying is all part of life. Nothing stops the march of time. We can’t stop it, we can only accept it and be gracious about it. That is what we need to choose, accepting the fact that no one can stay young in his/her lifetime. Life is for living, giving and experiencing – We got to do all and as much to appreciate it. And who says that all of the elders (about the age of 60 and above) are sickly and worthless? There are tons and tons and tons of really healthy, financially stable, elderly people nowadays . It’s just all about the choices you make while you are still young. If you live an incredibly healthy life, make wise decisions with your finances and live life to its fullest while you’re young, then its highly likely you’ll do just fine in your later years. There are endless things for us to enjoy as we get older. One of this is the pleasure of being a grandparent. No grandparent can ever explain how happy and lucky it is to be one! Just keep in mind that human being is a reflection of The Triune God. We are made in His image in this way. The physical is the least important, so it is at the bottom. Next comes the soul (emotions, will, and mind). At the top is our spiritual. And yet it seems most of the time people are trying to improve the body and the mind! So for the people out there who are worried of aging, just keep in mind that the more you think of getting older, the sooner it gets! 🙂 How to cite I’M Afraid of Getting Older, Papers

Australian Computer Society Code of Professional Conduct

Question: Use the same ethical dilemma or ethically questionable situation that you identified in your first assignment.Undertake further research about your chosen case to assist you in analysing and discussing it in your essay.Analyse the ethical dilemma using the Australian Computer Society Code of Professional Conduct. Answer: The Information Technology companies play a greater role in ensuring that they hire employees who meet their ethical standards. The managers of the organizations ensure that they manage the tasks undertaking in the institutions. They should act as role models to the workers and other staff members to ensure they perform their duties as instructed. The Human Resource Department should scrutinize the individuals seeking for jobs to make sure that they have the ethics required of the company. On the other hand, it is the role of the organization to teach the employees about the values that are vital. The employees should also maintain their ethical standards in the organization to help run it smoothly and become productive. However, as the individuals perform their duties, they are faced with various ethical dilemmas. The people are forced to make critical decisions concerning the situations that face them. It is advisable that one makes the right decision and that which will not affect the profession of an individual. The discussion outlines about the ethical dilemma that face individuals in various organizations. The employees in different organizations are often faced with the moral dilemma regarding the accessing of the private data. They are supposed to ensure they maintain the privacy of the company information and not give it to other individuals who are not part of the institution. The company data is very critical and is very useful for various processes. The information technology organizations deal with different products such as applications that are used on the mobile devices and the computers. Moreover, they create websites that are used by various companies and businesspersons to market their goods and services to the public. The technology utilized by the organizations is very sophisticated, and many people love to know how they perform their tasks. The data or the process they undertake are highly encrypted to ensure no unauthorized personnel can access them. In addition to that, the access to the buildings is also restricted only to the employees and the staff members whose de tails are in the system (Garber, 2008). However, the competitors from other companies take the advantage of the employees from the organization to get them certain information. The competitors require the data so that they can be able to overtake the team and remain on the market for long by producing products that have some similarity. The data is supposed to be private and confidential in the institution to help it succeed and be productive. The competing agencies find the weakness in several workers and promise them a lot of cash or real jobs if they assist them to get the information they require. The employee is faced with an ethical dilemma on what to do because it is against the ethics to do such an act. It is the mandate of the worker to remain honest and loyal to the company where he or she performs the duties. The code of conduct must be maintained at all costs for one to build his career professionally and become a reliable person (Freeman Peace, 2005). The people working in the companies should ensure that information pertaining the organization is very sensitive and can cause the collapse of a company if accessed by unauthorized individuals. Many of the persons are promised better pay or working conditions if they agree to obtain particular data. It is unethical to give out confidential information to other institutions for personal benefit. The individuals experiencing various difficulties in life are the easily targeted as they can be persuaded very fast if promised substantial cash that can solve their problems. Moreover, the people who are unable to settle their debts are often faced with the ethical on what to do. It is the duty of the workers or any other staff member to follow the code of ethics and remain ethical at all costs. The individual should consider the effects of the decision they make to them and to the organization they are working in to meet their needs. They should also remain competent and be responsible at a ll times (Brennan Johnson, 2004). In conclusion, honesty is highly important in an organization and the people affected with the ethical dilemma should seek guidance from their superiors. The individuals should maintain professionalism throughout their career no matter the challenges they face. The data in an institution should be highly encrypted to prevent unauthorized people from accessing it. Moreover, the individuals who can access the information should remain honest and loyal to the company. The level of integrity should also be maintained to help an individual develop himself. References Brennan, L. L., Johnson, V. E. (2004).Social, ethical and policy implications of information technology. Hershey, Pa. [u.a.: Information Science Publ. Colomo-Palacios, R. (2013).Enhancing the modern organization through information technology professionals: Research, studies, and techniques. Hershey, Pa: IGI Global (701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033, USA. Garber, P. R. (2008).The ethical dilemma. Amherst: HRD. Freeman, L. A., Peace, A. G. (2005).Information ethics: Privacy and intellectual property.

Gatsby Essays (687 words) - The Great Gatsby, English-language Films

Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald's use of symbolism and colors in The Great Gatsby is prominent in every chapter of his novel. To fully understand the meaning of his color use, a reader must recognize the situations in which these colors are used. The color green is traditionally associated with spring, hope, and youth. One possible meaning of the color green is envy. Gatsby can be seen as an envious, jealous character. He once had the love of his life, Daisy, but now she is married to another man. He spends all of his time and effort in an attempt to win back Daisy. It is also probable that Fitzgerald uses green to symbolize money and it's power in society. Money rules the lives of the people in the story. Gatsby needs money to live the life that he does. Gatsby also feels he needs the money to win back Daisy's love. The color green can both symbolize envy and money; however, the most reasonable meaning would have to be one of future hope, especially in Gatsby's case. The use of a green light at the end of a landing stage to signal a romantic reunion, is intriguingly similar to the green light at the end of Daisy's Buchanan' s dock, which becomes a key image in The Great Gatsby. The initial appearance of the green light occur s when Nick sees Gatsby for the first time, standing in front of his mansion and stretching out his arms to ...a single green light, minute and far away that might have been the end of a dock. The light becomes, for Gatsby, the symbol of a reunion with Daisy. This reunion seems justifiable, yet it is so far away from coming true. Gold and yellow are colors that symbolize old wealth. The colors green and gold contrast in a significant way. In old times people used gold as a means for exchange, but as a national currency was established green money replaced the gold and gold no longer even backed the dollar. So, gold represents the old money and green represents the new. In the same way, gold symbolizes Daisy and Tom's old money and green symbolizes Gatsby's new money. One might say that Gatsby is green. To contrast this Tom is gold. In the same way that green and gold contrast so do Gatsby and Tom. Jordan and Daisy are also represented by gold. ...Jordan's slender golden arm resting in mine... ...high in the white palace the king's daughter, the golden girl... The golden girl is, of course, Daisy. Daisy's character is enhanced by Fitzgerald's use of the color white to indicate Daisy's freshness and innocence. He notes the gleaming white house, the airy, white rooms, and Daisy lounging in a white dress. Daisy also talks of her white girlhood. Fitzgerald evokes two meanings of white: one is the traditional meaning of purity; the second is the empowerment of whiteness. Daisy, as she is initially presented, represents both privilege and purity--a kind of princess figure. The use of white helps to characterize her as the enchanted princess who becomes incarnate as Gatsby' s dream. However, the different shades of white indicate that Daisy may not be an embodiment of purity and that privilege may have a corrupting effect, at least when it is used to veil or whitewash misdeeds. An egg is white is white (pure and innocent) on the outside, but yellow (corrupt) on the inside. This example corresponds precisely to the presentation of Daisy's character through color symbolism. Because of the number of times it is mentioned throughout the text, white proves to be a color that is vital to the novel. From Fitzgerald's use of the color white in these various scenarios, the color could be interpreted as: beauty, cleanliness, wealth, innocence, virginity, and also laziness. In Conclusion, F. Scott Fitzgerald's uses of colors throughout The Great Gatsby prove to be of importance to the development of the theme and to the development and characteristics of the characters in the novel. These colors give us a great understanding of the characters and their lives. English Essays

Free Essays on Cointelpro Vs. Black Panther Party

Cointelpro, what was it? Was it an organization created for fear and distrust the US government, or was it a government intervention? Basically Cointelpro was the FBI's secret program to undermine the popular upsurge, which swept the country during the 1960's. When breaking the law, for example, exposure, harassment, or prosecution for political crimes were getting out of hand, that's when the Cointelpro came in. The Bureau took the law into it's own hands and secretly used fraud and force to protect political activity. We found out about the Cointelpro thanks to a FBI office, which removed the secret files and presented it to the media on March 1971. A big scandal began, because of the lawsuits and requests of the public for bringing out new information about it. To control all of this damage, Congress and courts commanded to the FBI to reveal the other half of the information about it, and to promise it would not do repeat their actions again in the future. Although most of the info was stored back into the "secret files", some was copied from the originals and publicized. The Cointelpro worked by secretly instruct their field offices to propose schemes such as: misdirect, discredit, disrupt or otherwise neutralize certain individuals and groups. The most intense operations were directed against the Black movement, basically the Black Panther Party. The Black community had a lack of material resources to fight back, so the FBI and police (whites in general) took this as an advantage. Many other activities that opposed US intervention for racial, gender or class were also main targets under convert attack. There was no limit to those who used physical force or took up arms. Till today we ask ourselves what effect did this all have and did it ever really end? Well, it had a big effect on society. It reinforced the weaknesses... Free Essays on Cointelpro Vs. Black Panther Party Free Essays on Cointelpro Vs. Black Panther Party Cointelpro, what was it? Was it an organization created for fear and distrust the US government, or was it a government intervention? Basically Cointelpro was the FBI's secret program to undermine the popular upsurge, which swept the country during the 1960's. When breaking the law, for example, exposure, harassment, or prosecution for political crimes were getting out of hand, that's when the Cointelpro came in. The Bureau took the law into it's own hands and secretly used fraud and force to protect political activity. We found out about the Cointelpro thanks to a FBI office, which removed the secret files and presented it to the media on March 1971. A big scandal began, because of the lawsuits and requests of the public for bringing out new information about it. To control all of this damage, Congress and courts commanded to the FBI to reveal the other half of the information about it, and to promise it would not do repeat their actions again in the future. Although most of the info was stored back into the "secret files", some was copied from the originals and publicized. The Cointelpro worked by secretly instruct their field offices to propose schemes such as: misdirect, discredit, disrupt or otherwise neutralize certain individuals and groups. The most intense operations were directed against the Black movement, basically the Black Panther Party. The Black community had a lack of material resources to fight back, so the FBI and police (whites in general) took this as an advantage. Many other activities that opposed US intervention for racial, gender or class were also main targets under convert attack. There was no limit to those who used physical force or took up arms. Till today we ask ourselves what effect did this all have and did it ever really end? Well, it had a big effect on society. It reinforced the weaknesses...

Marxist Account of Class in Contemporary Society Essay

Marxist Account of Class in Contemporary Society - Essay Example During the twentieth century the working class has been shaped by three trends. In the workplace the displacement of craft and skilled labor by mass production techniques has allowed the employment of large numbers of unskilled workers; culturally, the integration of diverse ethnic strains produced by the centralization of production facilities and the constant infusion of petty bourgeois ideology has precluded the development of a clear-cut working-class consciousness; politically, the increasing intervention of the state in the regulation and management of the economy has added to the complexity of class relations and complicated the formulation of working-class strategy and tactics. These treads are typical; for modern society and social relations between the classes. The theoretical problems are linked because the relationship between the development process and class capacities largely depends on how one conceptualizes working-class capacities. If one accepts traditional plurali st notions of class capacity as applicable to the working class, then it is probably true that the capitalist development process erodes working-class capacities (Elster 1985). If, however, the capacity of the working class is something other than an aggregation of sovereign individuals, a more dialectical relationship between development and working-class capacity can be established (Braverman 2004). In modern society, similar to the Marxist approach to class, the institution of mass production techniques and the separation of the knowledge of how steel is made from the workers themselves is the key to breaking worker control of the industry. The rich would voluntarily renounce their wealth; a community of goods and absolute equality would be established. Marx began from the postulate that men, by their nature, are species-beings, that is, beings who are conscious of belonging to a species composed of others like themselves, and beings who can realize their full human potential only in loving collaboration with those others (Geschwender 1990). Perceiving their own imperfections as isolated individuals and not yet conscious of their collective potential, men seek consolation in an imagined God, abase themselves, and worship him as a power standing over them, when he is in reality their own alienated species-essence and represents only a schism within themselves. Marx now saw this phenomenon in politics as well as in religion. For him, man's present isolation is not simply a matter of perception but a reality, a product of modern civil society: "egoistic man is the passive and given result of a dissolved society" (Marx and Engels 1972, p. 65). Equally real is man's debasement: he is "corrupted by the entire organization (Braverman 2004). It is typical for modern society that the affable young man plunged himself into working-class activities, attending meetings by the score, and gained a profound respect for the people he came to know. Marx repeatedly marveled at "the extent to which the English workers have succeeded in educating themselves." "I have sometimes come across workers, with

WRITTEN PAPER Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

WRITTEN PAPER - Essay Example Given the nature of options available, the selection of role model for the given field will be Oprah Winfrey. Being a gifted and talented personality herself, various attributes of given global context such as emergence of feminism and counter culture, technological advancement and development of tabloid talk shows as an accepted genre, allowed her to progress well in her career. Oprah Winfrey managed to emerge as a leading brand name from a local radio station to a news channel and then the TV show having a viewership of millions per episode (Garson, 2004). Despite a troubled childhood, Oprah began working as an anchor in the local TV station however the monotony offered by this position pushed her to move foreword to another chat show with declining ratings. Her communication style and ability to relate to audience made the ratings spiked within months. The resultant was a creation of a leading TV show which was her own product called the Oprah Winfrey show that ran for over twenty five years (Garson, 2004). Another important name on her credentials is The Oprah Winfrey book club whose credibility has driven many authors and their work to top selling charts (Ward, 2011). Other than that, she has also worked in several movies as well. Although Oprah appears to be a media person however her PR strategies and ability to promote transparent journalism are some of the traits required for being an effective international communication strategist or a policy maker for global clients. After using TV as a medium for leaving her mark, she moved onto print media and has launched a women’s magazine with the name O followed by a launch of a radio station. It can be seen that Oprah has fully utilized all media at the right times to reach her viewers. However, more than the selection of right media at the right time, she has presented herself as a media personality who is reliable and responsible and can be trusted by audience. Her major

Trends in Arabic Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Trends in Arabic Music - Essay Example Trends in Arabic Music Music The Arabic music that is now heard is known for the rich styles, evolution of popular trends and different implications within the entertainment industry. Recently, the popular music has expanded into international reaches that are able to present the ideologies of the culture. This moves into the folkloric elements, which use specific instrumentation and rhythms which are known throughout Arabia. These musical productions are combined with the newer elements of technology, specifically with the ability to present the music through performances, television and other multimedia images. Combining these factors has allowed the trends in Arabic music to expand and to move into the popular ideologies that reflect the culture while allowing the music to be one which is equal to the popular concepts that are now used within society (Aziz, 1). There are several divisions with the popular Arabic music which continue to set trends throughout the region. The first is known as Rai, which i s the most accepted type of music in the world today, specifically because it associates with the folk type instruments and rhythms while combining with the technology of today. . This is combined with the Sudanese and Nubian rhythms that are within the society, both which consist of fast paced rhythms, polyphonic accents and movements in the music that are specific to the Arabic culture. The rise of Arabic popular music; however, was led by the Egyptian style music through pop stars such as Amr Diab. This has created a hybrid of the Rai and specific rhythms while combining the tribal sounds with the up to date electronics known to many as the new world music (Werner, 1). Creating a Musical Style The overall trends in popular music have also led to specific styles which are now identified as Arabic in nature. This consists of both images and sounds which are used among Arabic music and which distinguish the various features of those that are listening to the music. The first part of this is based on combining the current situations with the ideologies of musical style within the region. The strong commitment to religion, secular beliefs with love and fulfillment in life and leisure activities is the main themes which are presented among those interested in the popular music. This is combined with the ideologies of art, leisure and entertainment as reflecting the ideas of society specifically with making statements about the beliefs and conditions which are in the region. The musical style is then able to create a hybrid component with the folkloric elements that drive the rhythm and sound while creating a style that is reflective of the themes of religion and relationships within the Arabic world (Neiuwkerk, 169). Another component which is now reflected in the musical style is coming from the ideal of moving into globalization. Many of the musical styles are now reflecting the elements of hybrid forms of art and transcultural realities. There are several popu lar trends which are showing this with the musical styles that are present within society. For instance, reality TV is creating a sense of critical transculturalism, which is based on political, economic and cultural changes of the time. Politically and economically, the Arabic world has changed into one which is intertwined with the associations of the Western world and

Five Forces Analysis: Leisure, Tourism and Hospitality Industry

Five Forces Analysis: Leisure, Tourism and Hospitality Industry The tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry is defined, not in terms of the production of special types of goods and services, but in terms of the circumstances at which goods and services are consumed. Hence, the sale of a particular good or service to a tourist is tourist expenditure. As a result of this difference in concept, this industry overlaps the usual classification of the industries defined according to the goods or services they produce (Luck Lancaster, 2003) This research paper analyzes the tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry basing on the economic analysis tools by Porter, Porter (1980) proposed that firms benefit from the understanding of the forces which drive competition and the profitability in their industry, and he specifies that all firms should explicitly formulate a kind of competitor strategy. (Matthews, 2000) in order to understand the competition, a very competitive analysis should be undertaken. The Porters model is also referred to as the five forces competitive analysis. Generally the tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry has a unique business environment which affects all the competitors. According to Porter, five macro factors that influence the industry can be identified in relation to competition; (1) The bargaining power of the customers (buyers). This force shows the strength in the bargaining position, particularly the price, which the buyers have over their suppliers. (2) The bargaining power of the suppliers. The Suppliers, including the employees, influences the attractiveness and the profitability of the sector by increasing the prices (or the wages) thereby increasing the industrial costs and reducing the profit margins. Powerful suppliers are the organizations which control the supply of goods and services to the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry. (3) The threat from the new entrants. The threat from the new entrants is dependent upon the barriers to entry into the industry. This is based on the ability to generate the econom ies of scale and experience, the opportunities for the product differentiation, the amount of capital which is required to buy into the industry, and access the distribution channels. In the tourism, Leisure and Hospitality, there are low barriers to the entry in most sectors. (4) The threat of the substitutes. The Substitute industries which provide the competing product with offers that perform the same function. The Continual advancement in the technology keeps on changing the potential threat from the substitute products. For instance, the rapid development of the video-conferencing is a substitute product for the hotel meetings. Introduction The Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry is an identifiable and nationally important industry. This industry involves a wide cross section of the component activities which includes the provision of the transportation, accommodation, recreation, food, and the related services .Tourism refers to the provision of the transportation, accommodation, recreation, food, and the related services both for the domestic and the overseas travelers. It involves travelling for all purposes, including recreational and business. Hospitality and tourism are certainly two of the most widely used words in the fields of hotels, restaurants, travel, and related areas. Leisure is a sector that is growing rapidly, with the regular shows and events hosted regularly. Leisure is recognized as the essential factor which contributes to the demand for the tourism and recreation.( Kotler, Keller, 2006). Leisure is an important factor which contributes to supply. It is therefore the anticipation of leisure which is the operational demand factor, whereas the use of leisure is a factor of supply. The Leisure time is the fundamental resource that is input and consumed in the tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry. The leisure/entertainment events have created employment for thousands of people in a diverse range of roles. This is a multidimensional sector which provides a variety of services in the areas that include the corporate events such as the product launches, press conferences, corporate meetings and the conferences, the marketing programs; road shows and the grand opening events i.e special corporate hospitality events like the concerts, award cere monies, film premieres, launch/release parties, the fashion shows, commercial events, private events such as the weddings and other parties. The industry also includes fields such as the exhibitions, conferences and the seminars as well as the live music and the sporting events. This research paper analyzes and links the tourism, leisure and Hospitality industry through the provision of the creative, technical and the logistical insights. Methodology This research employed a web based survey in gathering data on the industrial analysis. I analyzed several theories that act as the strategic tools for analysis. The instrument was divided into two parts; The Descriptive Analysis, which describes the tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industrial analysis basing on Porters model of analysis. The Critical Analysis, which assesses the extent to which various factors identified by Porter influence the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry. The contexts for the study were based on the distinctive nature of the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry. Information was collected in the process of evaluation of the influences of the fundamental factors that determine the profitability: Industry structure, that determines the profitability of the average competitor and sustainable competitive advantage that allows a firm to outperform the average competitor (Porter, 1979). Analysis of selected industry This paper examines the five forces which impact competitiveness within and thus the profitability of a competitor in the Tourism, Leisure and the Hospitality industry. From the guidance provided in the Five Factor Model recommendations are made to enhance and refine this industry. Porters Five Factor Model The five forces that impact on the competitiveness which are outlined in the Porters 1980 work are: the barriers to entry, threat of substitutes, the bargaining power of the buyers and sellers, and the rivalry among existing competitors. In considering these factors in light of the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry, the theory provides the best means for analysis. According to Porter each of the above factors has a difference in relevance or impacts differently on the businesses so they are presented below in order of impact. Porter (1980) indicated that the most important determinant of a marketplaces profit potential is the intrinsic power of the buyers and the sellers. Threat of Substitute Goods In the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry there is usually higher chances to start a new business and progress successfully. The firms appear in all price ranges, with variations in the levels of service and the amenities. The constant challenge will always be to get the customers to choose your services over the competitor. With the technological advancements the internet makes the overall market to be more efficient while expanding the size of the potential market and creating the new substitution threats. Given the potency of this industry a superb strategic plan is vital. The threat is that another firm chain may erode the customer base with a newly formulated internet approach or the marketing campaign. According to Porter the development of a value chain process analysis, supported by the collaborative event management, the structuring and sharing of the customer focused value chain data, powerfully enhances the performance of the value chains and of the electronic commerce. Bargaining Power of Buyers Business persons choosing a firm for business in the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry are the savvy consumers and they are at par with the changes in the ability of their consumers. It has become very simple for the consumers to go online and survey on the best firm that offers great services. They no longer need the assistance from the travel agents, the corporate travel consultants or the middle men of any kind to determine where they will get their services. Porters model predicts the ability of the buyers bargaining power to elimination the intermediaries. The Tourists who are the major consumers in the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry are more and more capable of making use of the technological advancements in the means of communication such as the internet to increase their bargaining power thereby creating the fulfillment of Porters model. Due to the increased bargaining power of the consumers, they are finding internet businesses websites which will negotiate or discover the bargains for them. These processes shifts the bargaining power to the end user as it had been predicted by the Porter model and these buyer freedom reduces the cost of switching so that the loyalty to a single firm is a thing of the past unless the particular firm uses its one time opportunity when the customer sticks to the firm it deeply impress other customers with a very unique and valuable differentiator. The Rivalry among existing competitors The rivalry amongst the competitors in the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry is fierce. When the potential customers learn about a hotel on line, the internet reduces the differences amongst the competitors. Business people tend to seek the best prices for the best experience and the tendency is to reduce the prices to a competitive level. This industry covers wide area so the market is widened which increases the number of the competitors. For example, someone who wants to spend the day in the historic site can easily choose a tourist firm in the nearby town if the amenities or the prices are low. The Variable and fixed costs can be different in the areas which are more expensive to live. Barriers to Entry The initial investments in the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry creates quite a barrier to the entry but certain barriers to entering the tourism market are reduced by the internet. The presence on many efficient communication channels reduces the upstart marketing costs somewhat, and gives the new competitors the access to the potential suppliers and the resources. Even a starter in the industry can use the channels of large chains to understand the key marketing concepts and the lures for the customers. A vital barrier is the differentiation. A firm that can successfully differential itself by the location, service, amenities or other quality has the greatest potential to attract and keep the clients. Another barrier to entry into business in the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry would be the expertise. Unfortunately, in a mobile society employees can leave one firm chain to work in another and they take that expertise in terms of the training given or the experience with them. It is in the areas of expertise and of differentiation that a firm can make the greatest impacts on its clients and thereby on the bottom line. Many established tourism, leisure and Hospitality companies have the synergies between their established business and business channels. Bargaining power of the suppliers This is not a substantial threat in the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry it can have the impacts especially in the area of the suppliers. The employees to the firms are the major suppliers, the bargaining power of the labor supply is higher when there are fewer people to fill service section of the industry, and the firms can attract excellent staff and create a chance for providing excellent and exceptional experiences to their clientele. As part of their strategy all the firm chains should have section employee recruitment. The other supplies that are needed by hotels are also easier to attain through internet channels whether originated by the supplier or by the hotel chain. With their products in the greater demand by greater numbers of the firms the suppliers gain more measure of power by competition for their offerings. Findings about the industry All of the firms in the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry can benefit from Porters model of analysis because of the applications that produce greater value in the value chain, the industry is dominated by a few large companies. They have the greatest market shares and in most cases they influence the structure and shaping of the industry. The firms planning sector can benefit from analysis. They usually aim at making the profit and are usually commercial companies. When they fail to make a profit over a long period of time they are likely to cease trading. These include the parks, restaurants, tour operators and the travel agents. The Human resources can be managed by the analysis as part of the overall strategy as well as the provision for self service personnel and benefits, Value can be increased by standardizing the firms across multiple locations, forming knowledge directories, and allowing real time access to the resources by the consumers. , every firm could benefit by controlling and forecasting systems with suppliers as explained by Porter. These improvements can also lead to greater profitability (Porter, 1980) Each type of firm needs to identify its unique strengths and the target market and align its strategy to support their identity, the firms chains choose to be low cost, or to command the premium price. Distinguishing a firm from the competition becomes vital. This can easily be enhanced by porters model, through the superior inputs, through better training of the staff as part of the supplier or through the better management. Differentiation adds value which makes it hard to maintain the distinctive strategic positions of a firm because it eases change to best practices and it improves the operational effectiveness. These distinctions make the business more profitable. The firms in the Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality industry are fragmented. Therefore there is need for a strategy which makes it easier for consumers from far and wider areas to learn about the firms or to order for the services, the consumers must still access the services. It more likely for the profitability to be there for when process is easy to transact and complete. Porter points out similar examples within the industries. Dealing directly is great for the firms. Other than travel agencies who arranged hotel stays the tourism business has always been a face to face business and this normally sustains the economic value of the transactions. For all of the firms chains the porters model complements rather than cannibalizing the established ways of doing business. Hence it becomes a link in the value chain. Conclusion Whether a firm or its chain is well established or brand new, the underlying forces of competition will include: the threat of substitution, bargaining power of the buyers, the intensity of rivalry among competitors, the barriers to entry for new competitors, and the bargaining power of the suppliers helps to determine the profitability shapes its internet presence. When combined, these factors determine the economic value and even the survival. The porters model of industrial analysis provides the opportunities for the companies to communicate and establish the unique or distinctive positions for the businesses. In the case of tourism firms this is crucial. The Porters five factor model helps to understand the rise of new ideas and the business firms in the context of the bargaining power of the Buyers. It helps in the understanding of what factors drives the businesses to differentiate themselves. It also helps in explaining why the labor may have greater bargaining power in the firms under the tourism industry; Porters concept of the Bargaining power of Suppliers determines the strength of the industry. In reviewing the strategies of firm chains, differentiation is the key component. Some firms have chosen to differentiate by location and by very luxurious experience. Others have differentiated themselves by standardization means and by the price. The firms strategies must align with their business strategy in order to produce the desired profitability; Porters model leads the way of outlining the issues and the dangers which are inherent in each force. In this paper, the recommendations for successful industrial analysis are made based on Porters model and the implementation of its suggestions could ensure a greater or continued profitability at the time planning and the structuring. This includes not only the customer interaction but also the applications in a variety of areas such as supply chain, the financial and Human Resources to increase the value chain. For the final analysis, however, Porter makes it clear that the model can add value when it is used in conjunction with other good business strategies. Should Schools Have a Uniform Policy? Should Schools Have a Uniform Policy? Aj Romero Mr.Dewalt Should school dress codes be enforced in public and private schools? Personally, I believe they shouldnt be allowed. Telling students what and what not to wear takes away our right to self expression, freedom to follow our free will, and our freedom of choices. We all have a right to express individuality and show our true selves. There shouldnt be a rule that takes away personal style. Its the people that decide what to wear as a show of personality and style, not the school. Having a school uniform to reduce problems of violating the school dress code, reduces our individual right to liberty and self expression. If it were up to me, I would stand up in front of the school board or maybe even try to organize a student strike against it. Liberty, the act of   following ones own free will; freedom of choices, and self determination. The people have the right to choose what we want to wear to school, and we automatically show our personality whether other people like it or not. Also, school uniforms can be very expensive, limit the students choices (procon.org) . A lot of school uniforms are uncomfortable to most students and rather than reducing bullying, they can cause more bullying. In 1999, a study conducted by experts showed an increase in bullying incidents by as much as 12% after the implementation of uniform wearing. (listland.com). Domestic tranquility; having peace in the U.S., harmony among people and states. There are many people in the world who have a common interest in different styles and brands. When people share common interests, they become closer friends. They stand out together. When school uniforms are enforced, those close relationships fade and the teen community is bland. These uniforms can also affect ones self image. Students who are not required to wear uniforms demonstrated high self-perception scores. That means those students have a better view of self image compared to those who wear a school uniform (listland.com). Many schools use school uniforms as discipline to control behavior and promote conventional gendered dress. The general welfare, the well being of the people; basic needs met; health and prosperity, security; comfort and happiness. The students of America should at least feel comfortable in what they wear to school, and should be happy to wear what they want. If you were to ask a student who wears a school uniform, they will most likely tell you they are boring not just because of their colors, but also for the patterns, often in plaid or checkered. (listland.com). There is not a single child that actually enjoys wearing the same uniform day after day to school. For one, they are very uncomfortable; two, they are boring, and three; they are just disliked in general. Although school uniforms are very much disliked, they do show respect, a sense of belonging to a school, and also shows were all in this together (listland.com). The biggest thing a child, teen, and anybody needs to learn, is the ability to have and show respect to one another. A uniform shows a sense of pride and belonging to a school. When other people see the kids wearing them, they envision unity. If you asked an adult instead of a child, they may tell you they are indeed for school uniforms because they show unity and pride. Another thing about the uniforms, they keep students focused on education rather than clothing (thegaurdian.com) If it were up to me, I would do anything I could to organize a school strike against the application of school uniforms. I would also stand in front of the school board and state my opinion on why they shouldnt be used. There is only so much a single person can do to stop something but if a group of students did something, the effect would be momentous School uniforms show conformity rather than individuality. The uniform itself will potentially cost more than your traditional clothing. Even if school uniforms were enforced, the students should have a choice in what the uniform looks like. We as Americans and U.S citizens have a right to expression and that right is taken from us with the use of said uniforms. Forcing students to wear something they dont want to causes discomfort, and can be detrimental to adult development. Growing up is more important than being in discomfort. Works Cited 1. Learningin21. Learningin21. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Oct. 2016. 2. @ListLand. Top 10 Reasons School Uniforms Should Be Banned. Top 10 Lists ListLandcom. N.p., 2016. Web. 02 Oct. 2016. 3. Should Students Have to Wear School Uniforms? School Uniforms ProCon.org. ProConorg Headlines. N.p., n.d. Web. 02 Oct. 2016. 4. Whats the Point of School Uniforms? The Guardian. Guardian News and Media, n.d. Web. 02 Oct. 2016.

FINDING THE CONCLUSION :: essays research papers

Background   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Critical thinking can be used in certain aspects of problem solving and requires various types of skills. People must be motivated and not afraid to use their critical thinking skills to solve various troubles that can and will arise. Problem Statement What are the issues and the conclusion? We as readers and listeners in today’s society always seem to believe everything that we read and hear without digging a little deeper to actually find out if it is the truth. Analysis Critical thinking is a skill that we are not born with, but with some knowledge and practice it is a tool that can be used very effectively. Becoming a critical thinker takes time, practice and lots of thought. We as humans always try to force our view upon other people and of course we assume that we are always right. From the other perspective when we have an opinion forced upon us we naturally get defensive. We as critical thinkers need to be open to other people’s opinion but listen with caution to all of the facts before we make any assumptions or judgments. Recommendations 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Don’t always believe everything that you hear and always ask yourself what the issue is. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Always try to find the conclusion and look for indicator words. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Remember what the conclusion is not. Conclusions will not be any of the following: a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Examples b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Statistics c.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Definitions d.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Background Information e.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Evidence S.W.O.T My selected recommendation is: †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Don’t always believe everything that you hear and always ask yourself what the issue is. Strengths †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Understanding and listening will make you more aware of the real issue and will help you become a better critical thinker. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Learning to listen will help you in many aspects of not only your personal life but it can be a very strong aide on your professional life. Weakness †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We can become very skeptical about everything. Sometimes we need to sit back and ask ourselves when is critical thinking necessary. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Critical thinking is a very powerful tool and used for the wrong purpose you can damage ones character. Opportunity †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We as critical thinkers have the opportunity to see things very clearly and realize when the wool is being pulled over our eyes.

The Financial Crisis’ Lack of Impact on IB Programs

The past year everyone in Greece is complaining about the financial crisis that hit the country during the autumn of 2009. Although in the beginning most people believed that the country would be able to go through it without major problems, they were soon proven wrong. Not only Greece wasn’t able to manage the crisis but almost faced bankruptcy and had to go under the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in order to survive. The financial measures enforced by the IMF affected the financial situation of all citizens of Greece. Although the richest families even started facing financial problems, the number of students graduating from private schools not only did not have a decrease, but in contrast had a small increase. In Greece, in order to be sure one will study abroad, it would be best the student would follow the International Baccalaureate program, mostly referred to as IB. Since the first year the IB program came to Greece by Moraitis School (1984) the number of students deciding to follow it and go study abroad has been increasing steadily. But not only has the number of students graduating from private high schools increased, during a very severe financial crisis, but the percentage of students going to study abroad through the IB program has remained stable. Despite the fact that the tuition fees for the International Baccalaureate are more than those for the regular Greek high school program offered by private schools. During the academic years prior to the economic crisis, the IB program had a steady increase of 10% when it came to its students. More specifically the academic year 2006/07 the percentage of students attending the program was 50 % and a year later it had come to a total of 60%. A year later, the academic year 2008/09, the percentage of students rose to a 70% and as it was the year before the financial crisis hit the country, it was the last year there was an increase in the number of students applying for the IB program. Since last year, the academic year 2009/10, the percentage of IB students has remained stable at a 60% despite the fact that the economy of the country is in a worse state during the past 6 months. Moraitis School statistics). Mrs. Zalma, a mother of three, out of which the two are graduates and the youngest one will go to university next fall said â€Å"Despite the economic crisis, I agreed with my son to follow the IB program, as I saw that my daughter who graduated from a foreign university has more work opportunities than my older son who finished a Greek university. † The fact that there are more opportunities for a career in foreign countries due to the economic crisis is a major reason why many students decide to go study abroad. Not only because certain specialities are different from country to country (such as law), but also because parents and students do not trust the Greek universities to provide them a high standard certificate, when it comes to universities other from architecture, medicine law and economics. As Mrs. Papadopoulou said, â€Å"I don’t mind paying higher tuition fees for our son’s education in the middle of an economic crisis, as I know he will have a better future than staying to study in Greece, due to the higher standards of the certificates of foreign universities. This is the way most parents sending their children study abroad think, having in mind not what speciality their children are going to choose but if the university they decide to attend to has a good reputation and therefore credibility or not. But this is not only the way of thought of parents that are worried about the future of their children. As mentioned above, it is also the students that nowadays do not trust the power of a certificate from a Greek institution. During the past decade that I have been working for Moraitis School, I have seen more and more students wanting to study abroad, as they do not trust the Greek educational system. They feel more confident having a bachelor degree from foreign universities, especially from the States, United Kingdom and France. † said Mr. Edippidis, maths teacher in Moraitis School. This shows that even students have the same angst as their parents concerning their future and want to go out to the workplace equipped with a strong degree, especially now in the midst of this financial crisis. In order to achieve this and feel confident they choose a more expensive but more promising program to make sure they will have a place in the universities of their choice. This way, as the trust of students towards the Greek universities is fading and the workplace in Greece does not offer the same opportunities as other countries, students and parents turn towards the educational institutes of those countries. And as they feel they will a have a better chance of entering those universities through the IB program, families do not care giving a little more to education, despite the difficult financial situation in Greece.

How to Talk About Your Family in Italian

How to Talk About Your Family in Italian While Italians are passionate about a lot of things- food, calcio, fashion, to name a few- family is one of the most important. Since it is such an essential part of Italian culture, you’re  going to be asked about your family when you start to chat with natives, and it’s a great conversation starter. So what specific vocabulary words do you need to know, and which phrases will help the conversation flow smoothly? Basic Vocabulary - Family Members aunt la zia boy il ragazzo brother il fratello brotherinlaw il cognato cousin (female) la cugina cousin (male) il cugino daughter la figlia daughterinlaw la nuora family la famiglia father il padre fatherinlaw il suocero girl la ragazza grandchild il nipote granddaughter la nipote grandfather il nonno grandmother la nonna grandparents i nonni grandson il nipote husband il marito mother la madre motherinlaw la suocera nephew il nipote niece la nipote parents i genitori relative il parente sister la sorella sisterinlaw la cognata son il figlio soninlaw il genero stepfather il patrigno stepmother la matrigna step brother; half brother il fratellastro step sister; half sister la sorellastra uncle lo zio wife la moglie Conversational Phrases A casa tutto bene? - Is everything good at home?A casa here is used as in a figurative way to mean, â€Å"family†.​   Another option is to ask: Come sta la sua famiglia? - How is your family? If you want to ask informally, you can say, â€Å"Come sta la tua famiglia?† Come stanno i suoi? - How are your (parents)? If you want to ask informally, you can say, â€Å"Come stanno i tuoi?† FUN FACT: Italians shorten â€Å"i tuoi genitori† to â€Å"i tuoi†, so you can say â€Å"i miei† instead of â€Å"i miei genitori† and sound  more Italian. Ha fratelli o sorelle? - Do you have brothers or sisters? If you want to ask informally, you can say, â€Å"Hai fratelli o sorelle? Ha dei figli? - Do you have any kids? If you want to ask informally, you can say, â€Å"Hai dei figli?† Ho due maschi e una femmina. - I have two boys and one girl.Si chiama†¦ - His/her name is...Hai una famiglia numerosa! - You have a big family!Sono figlio unico. - I’m an only child. (male)Sono figlia unica. - I’m an only child. (female)Lei à ¨ sposato/a? - Are you married? If you want to ask informally, you can say, â€Å"Sei sposato/a?†. Use â€Å"sposato†, ending in -o, if you’re asking a male. Use â€Å"sposata,† ending in -a, if you’re asking a female. La mia famiglia viene dalla (Sardegna). - My family is from (Sardegna).Mio figlio si à ¨ appena laureato! - My son just graduated!Vado a trovare la mia famiglia (in Calabria). - I’m going to visit my family (in Calabria).Che lavoro fa (tuo marito)? - What does your husband do for work?Mia madre fa (l’insegnante). - My mother is a (teacher).Dove abita? - Where does he/she live?Le presento (mio marito). -   Let me introduce my husband to you. If you want to say this informally, you can say, â€Å"Ti presento (mia moglie)†. Mi saluti sua moglie! - Say hello to your wife for me! If you want to say this informally, you can say, â€Å"Salutami (tua moglie)!†. Practice Dialogue The best way to learn the language is to see the phrases and the vocabulary in action, so below you’ll find a practice dialogue between two friends who have run into each other on the street. Person 1: Ciao! Come stai? - Hey! How are you?Person 2: Sto bene, e tu? - I’m doing well, and you?Person 1: Tutto a posto, come sta la tua famiglia? - Everything is good, how is your family?Person 2: Sta bene, mia figlia si à ¨ appena laureata! - They are good, my daughter just graduated!Person 1: Complimenti!! E tuo marito? - Congratulations!! And your husband?Person 2: Lavora moltissimo, ma andr in pensione fra un anno. E tua figlia? - He’s working a lot, but he’ll be retiring in a year. And your daughter?Person 1: Giulia? La settimana scorsa ha compiuto sedici anni. - Giulia? Last week she turned 16 years old.Person 2: Davvero? Lei à ¨ cresciuta troppo in fretta! - Really? She grew up too fast!Person 1: Lo so, à ¨ cosà ¬. Allora, devo andare, à ¨ stato bello vederti, a presto! - I know, that’s how it is. Well, I’ve got to go, it was great to see, talk soon!Person 2: A presto! - Talk soon!

Its all in the family essays

Its all in the family essays A part of family structure is family dynamics, which together create a family unit. Family, by dictionary definition, means the parents and children alone; the children as distinguished from the parents. This reveals how the relationships within the family are important. It is the Parents and Children alone and how they interact that can exhibit a family tie. When a parent and child connect, it starts a thread in the bracelet of that certain family, and, depending on how many bonds there are in the family, shows how tightly woven that bracelet is. The bonds hold the family together. The novel, Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen, illustrates a family in which the members tend to have small bonds with those that are similar to them. My family, on the other hand, demonstrates the opposite, where the differences bring members together to form more secured bonds. A weakness in a family is the difference between parents and it is the most tremendous feebleness when it comes to the point where everything that is being said has a second meaning. When the reader first opens the novel, he/she reads a dialogue between Mrs. Bennet and Mr. Bennet. It is a typical dialogue for the Bennets. There is so much confutation that the reader knows from that point on that the Bennet's relationship is no "great" relationship. Since Mrs. Bennet is a phony, claustrophobic, sheltered woman, and Mr. Bennet is a funny, sarcastic, realistic man, the two tend to disagree a lot. Mrs. Bennet believes she is perfectly sane and that the most important thing is to have her children married off well. Although, Mr. Bennet sees it as a huge joke and believes the girls should marry whom they want and should spend their time doing what they please. Even on the first page of the entire novel Mrs. Bennet is over excited about Bingley's arrival; "OH! Single, my dear, to be sur e! A single man of good fortune; four ...

Introduction to and Fundamentals of Strategic Marketing. case 1 Essay

Introduction to and Fundamentals of Strategic Marketing. case 1 - Essay Example a) The Company: Kroger is one of the largest retail grocery chains in the US. The company has been known for the number of banners that it deals in (Kroger - About us, 2009). The company has over 320,000 associates and they serve customers in more than 2,476 supermarkets. The company has the following local banners including Kroger, Ralphs, Fred Meyer, Food 4 Less, Fry’s, King Soopers, Smith’s, Dillons, QFC and City Market. Kroger operates as many as 779 convenience stores, 393 fine jewellery stores, and 737 supermarket fuel stations apart from the 41 food processing plants in the US (Kroger - Operations, 2009). The company’s headquarters are located in Cincinnati, Ohio. The company has been recognised for the various charitable efforts and high levels of corporate social responsibility that the company displays. b) Product: It is clear from the above description of the company that the company deals with numerous different markets. However the food stores contribute to almost 95% of the total sales of the company. The other products and services that the company provides include Pharmacies, Jewelry stores, and supermarket fuel centers. c) The Market: Kroger holds the number one of two position in as many as 39 of the 42 markets. One of the biggest markets of the company is a market with over 9 Korger Stores. The company stands second in the list of top grocery stores in the country and holds as much as 11.4% of the total markets next only to Wal – Mart (KrogerFactbook, 2008). d) Marketing Strategy: Kroger currently utilizes a three tier marketing strategy. The company keeps its customer needs in the fore front while developing any strategy. The company produces and sells its products in three quality tiers. Each of these three tiers caters to the needs of the various markets and the customer segments. The company similar to Wal Mart, provides

African american history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

African american history - Essay Example She was a victim of slave trade and was sold at the young age of 8 to the wealthy Wheatley family in Boston. The family gave her the name Phillis, and Wheatley was mandatory for her as a surname. They taught her how to read and write, and after seeing her talent in poetry, they encouraged her to pursue it. Many praised her work, amongst them white colonists who could not believe that a slave could write such excellent poetry. She was the first African American woman and poet to publish a book. Her downfall began with the death of her master, John Wheatley, and afterwards the death of her two infant children, then came the imprisonment of her husband, Peter. This made her succumb to illness, and passed away in 1784 due to disease and poverty (Franklin, John and Alfred, 131). This originated from West Africa in 1741. It was a day for slaves to elect black people who would be placed to rule the black communities in power. Those elected by the slaves would include kings, judges, governors and other high officials to rule over them. The slaves were given a day off by their masters to join others in dances and parties. Slaves were made to dress well, as when they dressed badly it would be a bad image for the masters. The selected official was not legally recognized as a leader, but he acted as a go-between between the black people and the whites. He also ensured that the law was upheld in his area of jurisdiction (Melish, 122). It originated from the Southern and Northern states and was an accord reached for the period of the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia in 1787. This agreement stated that three-fifths of the slaves were considered for taxation and representation in the Congress. It meant that slaves would be considered as human beings and part of the population and not as property. It stated as a dispute as the Northern States did not want slaves to be taken as a section of the population, rather they should be

Research in business critical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Research in business critical analysis - Essay Example Trend in the wave of globalization, with its effects of unifying behaviour and practices across the world however promises to bridge the diversity gap and it is important to understand the extent of existing gap in order to succeed in foreign operations. This review focuses on developed information on ethical and legal environments in the East Asia to inform a study that seeks to identify significant legal and ethical factors in the region. Review History of legal and ethical environments in East Asia International law establishes the basis for legal factors in a multinational corporation’s environment. An organization that operates in the international scope is subject to treaties between the host country and the countries in which the corporation operates. Secondary to the treaties may be laws in the host country and laws in the countries of operation and these requires knowledge of contemporary legal environment for a multinational corporation in order to integrate all appl icable laws in the organization’s scope of operations. Some of the bases of legal requirements for the multinational corporations, according to Mayer and O’Toole, have been â€Å"bribery, competition, cronyism, and public governance,† human rights and fair treatment of stakeholders (2013, p. 159). History of the East Asia region suggests existence of longitudinal and cross sectional differences in the region’s macro-environment to require a point analysis. Political environment in the region has changed with secondary effects on social, economic, and legal issues and this suggest legal and ethical environment in the region are dynamic. Differences in social perceptions across the region’s countries also mean that applicable ethical issues may vary and multinational corporations that operate of intend to operate in the region must be sensitive to such differences, however small they may seem. The legal environment that remains susceptible to politic al forces also remain dynamic within and across countries and multinational corporations must not only be informed of existing legislations, but must be mindful of the level of volatility of political environments in each member country of the East Asia region. Existence of many levels of legislative authority such as regional and bilateral and incorporation of the region’s developed legislation in international agreement with countries that wish to trade with members of the region explain diversity in the legal environments. This is because the regulations by the different levels remain binding on operations within their jurisdictions and the vast number of such levels in the region means that numerous regulations exist and the regulations may change with changes in leadership within each level of legislative authority (Ebrey, Waithall and Palais 2009, p. 20; Cheng and Cheng 2010, p. 12, 13). Dynamism in the values, which could be effective on ethical values among the region ’s natives and ethical obligations among foreign corporations, has also been reported in the area. Expansion of the region’s economic potentials in the 1990s let to infiltration from other cultures such as the West. Western values and formalities became benchmark and led to criticisms of the region’s values and practices. Even though the region managed to resist assimilation of the western culture in total, the two cultures have

Tax evasion case Essay Example for Free

Tax evasion case Essay Introduction Tax evasion is the illegal evasion of taxes by individuals, corporations and trusts. Tax evasion often entails taxpayers deliberately misrepresenting the true state of their affairs to the tax authorities to reduce their tax liability and includes dishonest tax reporting, such as declaring less income, profits or gains than the amounts actually earned, or overstating deductions. Tax evasion is an activity commonly associated with the informal economy. One measure of the extent of tax evasion (the tax gap) is the amount of unreported income, which is the difference between the amount of income that should be reported to the tax authorities and the actual amount reported. There is a difference between tax minimization/avoidance and tax evasion. All citizens have the right to reduce the amount of taxes they pay as long as it is by legal means. In contrast, tax avoidance is the legal use of tax laws to reduce ones tax burden. Both tax evasion and avoidance can be viewed as forms of tax noncompliance, as they describe a range of activities that intend to subvert a states tax system, although such classification of tax avoidance is not indisputable, given that avoidance is lawful, within self-creating systems. Tax evasion in India Tax evasion has always been a criminal offence in India. There are a number of provisions relating to prosecution under Chapter XXII of the Income-tax Act, 1961. Failure to file timely return of income, false statement and verification, willful attempt to evade tax, fabrication of accounts and documents and failure to deposit tax deducted or collected at source attract minimum rigorous imprisonment of three/ six months. Removal, concealment, transfer or delivery of property to thwart tax recovery or failure to afford necessary facilities for the officers during search operations are some more offences liable for rigid sentences. Abetment of false return, where it is  proved, would land not only the accused in trouble but those who help him, including those rendering professional assistance, providing for a rigorous imprisonment for a minimum period of three/ six months and a fine. Where the offence is rendered by a firm or company partners and the officers, including directors of t he company, may be responsible, unless they are able to prove that the offence was committed without their knowledge in spite of due diligence on their part. For the offence of the Hindu Undivided Family (HUF), the karta himself, besides all members, is deemed to be guilty, unless such members are able to prove that the offence was committed without their consent or connivance. Enforcement of law is also made easier for prosecution by statutory presumptions of culpable mental state placing the responsibility of proving innocence on the accused. Probation of Offenders Act, 1958, is not applicable for economic offences under the income-tax law, except for persons below 18 years of age. The law in India treats tax offences not only as a criminal offence but also has strengthened the same by statutory presumptions and minimum rigorous imprisonment subject to a maximum period of seven years. There are number of prosecutions launched year after year. It is difficult to accept that tax administration in India is â€Å"notoriously† slack and that there is a lot of political interference. More often the Department is known for its overzealousness, while the tax officers are comparatively independent protected by law. If they yield to political pressure, it cannot be solely the fault of the politicians. There are numerous instances, where the officers have not yielded to pressure from any quarters. If there is still significant tax evasion, it is as much a part of the system of limited scrutiny in vogue for the past several years and more probably because of all pervading corruption against which stiffer action is certainly necessary. As for comment relating to the proposed Direct Taxes Code Bill, 2010, provisions relating to prosecutions under Chapter XV in the proposed Code do not lighten the severity of the provisions under the present Act. The word â€Å"concealment† is not used in the context of prosecution either under the present Act or the proposed legislation. But there are provisions to tackle defaults of every kind. As regards penalty, the Code provides for levy of penalty automatically, wherever there is a difference between reported and assessed income. The removal of the word â€Å"concealment† takes away the need for inference of  intent to keep back any information relating to assessment. The law in the Code makes no difference between the delibe rate delinquency and the innocent omission so that the Code, as in most other aspects, is more stringent on the taxpayer. India loses 14 trillion rupees ($314 billion) from tax evasion annually, depriving it of funds for investment in roads, ports, and power, says Arun Kumar, author of The Black Economy in India. General government tax revenue is an estimated 18 percent of India’s $1.5 trillion in gross domestic product, the lowest among the four BRIC nations, International Monetary Fund data show. With so little revenue coming in, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh is now attempting India’s biggest overhaul of the tax code in half a century. Investors say tax reform would boost their confidence. â€Å"If the government does end up making a substantial amount in revenue as a result of the tax overhaul, their deficit requirements should come down and the interest burden will also come down,† says Killol Pandya, Mumbai-based head of fixed income investments at Daiwa Asset Management (India). About Anurag Kashyap Anurag Singh Kashyap (born 10 September 1972) is an Indian film director, producer and screenwriter. He famously is termed as an Art filmmaker who loves dark and real concepts. Kashyap made his directorial debut with as yet unreleased Paanch, with Kay Kay Menon as the lead. As a filmmaker, he is known for Black Friday (2004), a controversial and award-winning Hindi film about the 1993 Mumbai bombings, followed by No Smoking (2007), Dev D (2009), Gulaal (2009), That Girl in Yellow Boots(2011) and Gangs of Wasseypur (2012). As a screenwriter, he wrote the scripts for theFilmfare Award-winning Satya (1998) and the Academy Award-nominated Canadian filmWater (2005). He founded his film production company, Anurag Kashyap Films Pvt. Ltd. in 2009. In 1999, Kashyap won the Best Screenplay award for Satya at the Star Screen Awards. The next year, his short film Last Train to Mahakali won the Special Jury Award at the same awards. His feature film debut Black Friday won the Grand Jury Prize at the 3rd Annual Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles (2005), and was a nominee for the Golden Leopard (Best Film) at the 57th Locarno International Film Festival (2004). In 2010, he announced his association with Tumbhi where he  and his team will make six short films for Tumbhi and start his blog with them, as well. He was listed on the The DNA power list: Top 50 influentials, a list of 50 most influential Indians in 2011. Soon, he will be awarded with a cultural achievement award in the Cannes Film Festival. Kashyap currently serves on the board of Mumbai-based NGO, Aangan Trust, which helps protect vulnerable children around India. He is one of the most influential and important directors in India. Gangs of Wasseypur are a huge commercial and critical hit. Legendary Hollywood film-maker Martin Scorsese wrote to Kashyap, saying how much he loved Gangs†¦and Dev D. The two will be spending 15 days together at the end of the year. Kashyaps first big-budget film, Bombay Velvet, being co-produced by Fox Studios, went on the floors this month. Hes getting to direct Amitabh Bachchan, whose movies of the 70s greatly influenced him, for a fiction TV show. Megastars such as Shah Rukh Khan are keen to work with him. An Amitabh and a Ranbir working with me means they are coming midway, they want to do something different and dont want to be slaves of their image. That says a lot. We both are meeting midway. A Ranbir is as good or an even better actor than a lot of those on the fringes, says Kashyap. Case description Anurag Kashyap is in a light spot. The filmmaker has been held by the Service Tax department officials who have been keeping an eagle eye on B-town celebs for defaulting on taxes. From what we hear, the ST officials carried out an extensive investigation at Kashyap’s Yari road office in Mumbai a couple of weeks back and later charged him guilty for service tax evasion of Rs 55 lakh. Based on this, the director-producer was asked to appear before the Service Tax Department on August 22, but he failed to do so and sent his representatives to deal with the matter. Hence, Anurag’s accounts got sealed and he has now requested the department to grant him time until September 3. A team of officers from the Service Tax Department visited Anurag Kashyap’s office at Yari Road on 26 August between 2 pm to 10:30 pm and found him â€Å"guilty of Service Tax evasion to the tune of Rs 55 lakhs.† Anurag Kashyap was then summoned to appear before the Service Tax Commission on 27 August. But as he was still in Sri Lanka, he sent a representative. On the following day, his bank accounts were frozen, and now the ‘Gangs of Wasseypur’. Sameer Wankhede, Deputy Commissioner of the Service Tax Department confirmed that a case had been booked against Anurag Kashyap. A Service Tax official said, â€Å"Section 89 of the Finance Act says that if you have not paid your service tax to the tune of Rs 50 lakh for a period of six months, the defaulter can face imprisonment for a period of seven years and it is a non bail able offence. As of now, we have detected that Anurag has defaulted on over Rs 50 lakh. First it was the films budget that shot up by Rs 23 crore, thanks to the sinking INR and now the director has landed in legal tangles with the Service Tax Department. Anurag kashyap also has been accused of not filling taxes from the business he runs side by side. He is involved in the fashion industry and manufactures designer clothes for celebrities. This company is run under his ownership and is looked after by his wife. He has had a huge profit of approximately 2 crores in the year 2012 and he has not turned up to pay the taxes for it. It has also been reported that he had not paid wealth tax which amounts to 30cr. including the ornaments that he owns. According to the income tax authorities he is liable to pay a tax of 30 lakhs. Questions 1) Discuss the whole case in detail. 2) Evaluate the total tax that he is liable to pay according to the tax department authorities 3) Discuss the payment methods of these taxes in India. 4) How can the dispute be settled? 5) What is the future of these taxes in India? Ans 1) Analysis of the case The above described case is of the famous bollywood film-maker Anurag Kashyap. According to this case he failed to submit a service tax which amounted to Rs. 55 lakhs. After he gained a hug profit of 23 crore at the box office from his film Gangs of Wasseypur, he was supposed to submit this amount as service tax which he failed to do, and thus he had a raid by the  income tax officials in his office. He was found guilty and his accounts were immediately ceased. The second tax that he failed to pay is the income that he is earning from the house in the name of his daughter. Under this head, tax amounts to rs. 000. This income is taxed under the income from other sources. The second tax evasion that the income tax authority finds him guilty of is the income from his designer clothes manufacturing company which was supposed to earn a profit of 19000000. He has tried not to show this income as a part og his total taxable income. The income tax authority says that the total tax due under this head should be around 55lakhs Anurag Kashyap has been found guilty of not paying tax under three heads i.e. service tax, earnings from other sources, and wealth tax. Ans 2) Calculation of the total tax Service tax; Total earnings in the year 2012-13 from the box office Rs.23,00,00,000 Taxable income after the net deductions Rs. 4,45,00,000 Service tax (@12.36% (10+2+1) = 55,00,000 wealth tax: total taxable wealth Rs.3,00,00,000 rate of wealth tax (1% over 30lakhs) Rs.27,00,000 tax from business and proffession: profit a/c to profit and loss account Rs. 1,90,00,000 income tax payable Rs. 55,30,000 Education Cess @ 2% Rs.110600 Secondary and Higher Education Cess @ 1% Rs. 55300 Total (Rs. 55lakhs+27lakhs+ 5695900) = Rs.1,38,95,900 Ans3) Pament of service tax in india Service tax is envisaged as the tax of the future. Well synchronized taxation on manufacturing, trade (domestic international) and service without giving rise to cascading effect of taxation would be an ideal worth pursuing in the immediate future. This would bring in VAT in its truest sense, though the ultimate objection ushers in the regime of Goods and Service Tax (GST). Continued growth in GDP accompanied by higher rate of growth in service sector promises new wider avenues of taxation to the Government. If the tax on services reduces the degree of intensity of taxation on manufacturing and trade without forcing the Government to compromise on the revenue needs, then one of the basic objectives of taxing the service sector would be achieved. Voluntary tax compliance on the part of taxpayers demands prudent accounting practices and transparency in the conduct of their business. Marginal rates of taxation would be conducive in this process. Many new services may be brought under the tax net in future. The inclusion of all value added services in the tax net would yield larger amount of revenue and make the existing tax structure more elastic. Advanced economies of Western Europe, North America and Far East have share of service sector in their GDP ranging from 60% to 80%. The growth in absolute quantum of GDP and proportion of Service-sector in GDP holds promise for larger revenue generation without increasing the existing level of taxation The Goods and Services Tax (GST) is a Value Added Tax (VAT) to be implemented in India, the decision on which is pending. It will replace all indirect taxes levied on goods and services by the Indian Central and State governments. It is aimed at being comprehensive for most goods and services. India is a federal republic, and the GST will thus be implemented concurrently by the central and state governments as the Central GST and the State GST respectively. Exports will be zero-rated and imports will be levied the same taxes as domestic goods and services adhering to the destination principle. The service tax rate in india is 12% which is calculated on the net taxable income. It also includes an education cess of 2% and a senior higher secondary cess of 1%. Thus a consolidated percentage of 12.36% is calculated on the taxable amount. According to the case the director was liable to pay a roundabout sum of Rs.55 lakh on a profit of 23crore which he earned last year. Payment of wealth tax in India The Wealth Tax Act 1957 is governed by the Income Tax department that falls under the Department of Revenue. Just like Income Tax, Wealth Tax forms a part of annual assessment. It is a type of direct tax that is levied on individuals that fall under its purview. This is a tax that is charged on the net wealth of those who fall under its purview. The benefits that you derive from ownership of property are taxed under this head. Other assets that come under the purview of wealth tax are motor car, aircrafts, and yachts, cash in hand, jewellery etc. You are required to pay wealth tax on yearly basis on the market value of your property irrespective of the fact that it generates any income for you or not. Wealth Tax is Applicable To: Individuals, Companies, Hindu Undivided Families (HUFs) The Wealth Tax as of now is 1 percent on the net taxable wealth of the assessee that exceeds the limit of Rs 30 Lacs. Assets that are charged under Wealth Tax in India House Property (Guest House, residential house or commercial) Urban Land Boats, Aircrafts and Yachts Motor Car Cash in Hand (subject to certain limits) only for HUFs and Individuals Jewellery, Gold Utensils, Silver, Bullions etc All assets that are transferred by individuals to their minor children and to spouse for considerations that are inadequate also fall under the purview of wealth tax. Payment of income from business and profession For charging the income under the head Profits and Gains of business, the following conditions should be satisfied: There should be a business or profession. The business or profession should be carried on by the assessee. The business or profession should have been carried on by the assessee at any time during the previous year. Income that will be chargeable to income tax under the head Profits and gains of business or profession’ The following income would be chargeable under the head Profits and gains of business or profession: The profits and gains of any business or profession, which was carried on by the assessee at any time during the previous year; Any compensation or other payment, due or received by the following:- Any person, by whatever name called, managing the whole or substantially the whole of the affairs of an Indian company, at or in connection with the termination of his management or the modification of the terms and conditions relating thereto; Any person, by whatever name called, managing the whole or substantially the whole of the affairs in India of any other company, at or in connection with the termination of his office or the modification of the terms and conditions relating thereto; Any person, by whatever name called, holding an agency in India for any part of the activities relating to the business of any other person, at or in connection with the termination of any agency or the m odification of the terms and conditions relating thereto; Any person, for or in connection with the vesting in the Government, or in any corporation owned or controlled by the Government, under any law for the time being in force, of the management of any property or business; Income, derived by a trade, professional or similar association from specific services performed for its members; Profits on sale of a license granted under the Imports (Control) Order, 1955, made under the Imports and Exports (Control) Act, 1947; Cash assistance (by whatever name called), received or receivable by any person against exports under any scheme of the Government of India; Any duty of customs or excise repaid or repayable as drawback to any person against exports under the Customs and Central Excise Duties Drawback Rules, 1971; The value of any benefit or perquisite, whether convertible into money or not, arising from business or the exercise of a profession; Any interest, salary, bonus, commission or remuneration, by whatever name called, due to, or rece ived by, a partner of a firm from such firm. However, it is provided that where any interest, salary, bonus, commission or remuneration, by whatever name called, or any part thereof has not been allowed to be  deducted under Clause (b) of section 40, the income under this clause shall be adjusted to the extent of the amount not so allowed to be deducted. Deductions that are allowed in computing income from profits and gains of business or profession A number of other deductions under Section 36 of the Income-Tax Act are allowed while computing income from profits and gains of business or profession: S36 (i): The amount of any premium, paid in respect of insurance against risk of damage or destruction of stocks or stores, used for the purposes of the business or profession; (ia) The amount of any premium, paid by a federal milk co-operative society to effect or to keep in force an insurance on the life of the cattle owned by a member of a co-operative society, being a primary society engaged in supplying milk, raised by the members of such federal milk co-operative society; (ib) The amount of any premium, paid by cheque by the assessee as an employer to effect or to keep in force an insurance on the health of his employees under a scheme, framed in this behalf by the General Insurance Corporation of India, formed under section 9 of the General Insurance Business (Nationalization) Act, 1972 (57 of 1972) and approved by the Central Government; (ii) Any sum, paid to an employee as bonus or commission for services rendered, where such sum would not have been payable to him as profits or dividend if it had not been paid as bonus or commission; (iii) The amount of the interest paid in respect of capital borrowed for acquisition of the asset from the date it is put to use for the purposes of the business or profession; (iv) Any sum, paid by the assessee as an employer by way of contribution towards a recognized provident fund or an approved Superannuation fund, subject to such limits as may be prescribed for the purpose of recognizing the provident fund or approving the Superannuation fund, as the case may be; and subject to such conditions as the Board may think fit to specify in cases where the contributions are not in the nature of annual contributions of fixed amounts or annual contributions, fixed on some definite basis by reference to the income chargeable under the head Salaries or to the contributions or to the number of members of the fund; (v) Any sum, paid by the assessee as an employer by way of contribution towards an approved gratuity fund created by  him for the exclusive benefit of his employees under an irrevocable trust; (va) Any sum, received by the assessee from any of his employees to which the provisions of sub-clause (x) of clause (24) of section 2 apply, if such sum is credited by the assessee to the employees account in the relevant fund or funds on or before the due date. (vi) In respect of animals which have been used for the purposes of the business or profession, otherwise than as stock-in-trade and have died or become permanently useless for such purposes, the difference between the actual cost to the assessee of the animals and the amount, if any, realized in respect of the carcasses or animals; (vii) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), the amount of any bad debt or part thereof which is written off as irrecoverable in the accounts of the assessee for the previous year; (viia) in respect of any provision for bad and doubtful debts made by the following: A scheduled bank or non scheduled bank, an amount not exceeding five per cent of the total income and an amount not exceeding ten per cent of the aggregate average advance made by the rural branches of such bank computed in the prescribed manner; A bank, being a bank incorporated by or under the laws of a country outside India, an amount not exceeding five per cent of the total income; public financial institution or a State financial corporation or a State industrial investment corporation, an amount not exceeding five per cent of the total income. (viii) In respect of any special reserve created by a financial corporation which is engaged in providing long term finance for industrial or agricultural development in India or, by a public company formed and registered in India with the main object of carrying on the business or providing long term finance for construction or purchase of houses in India for residential purposes, an amount not exceeding forty per cent of the total income can be carried to the reserve account; (ix) Any bona fide expenditure incurred by a company for the purpose of promoting family planning amongst its employees; (x) Any sum, paid by a public financial institution by way of contribution towards any Exchange Risk Administration Fund, set up by public financial institutions, either jointly or separately. (xi) Any expenditure, incurred by the assessee on or after the 1st day of April 1999 but before the 1st day of April 2000, wholly and exclusively in respect of a non-Y2K compliant computer system, owned by the assessee and used for the purposes of his business or profession, so as to  make such computer system Y2K compliant. (xii) Any expenditure (not being in the nature of capital expenditure) incurred by a corporation or a body corporate, by whatever name called, constituted or established by a Central, State or Provincial Act for the objects and purposes authorized by the Act, under which such corporation or body corporate was constituted or established. It is important to note that deductions are subject to certain conditions being satisfied. Deductions allowed in respect of rent, rates, taxes, repairs and insurance for premises, which are used for the purpose of business or profession? S 30: The deductions that are allowed while computing income from profits and gains from business or profession in respect of rent, rates, taxes, repairs and insurance for premises, which are used for the purpose of business or profession while computing income from profits and gains from business or profession are as follows: Where the premises are occupied by the assessee: 1. As a tenant, the rent paid for such premises; and further if he has undertaken to bear the cost of repairs to the premises, the amount paid on account of such repairs; excluding expenditure in the nature of capital expenditure. 2. Otherwise than as a tenant, the amount paid by him on account of current repairs to the premises; excluding expenditure in the nature of capital expenditure. Any sums, paid on account of land revenue, local rates or municipal taxes; The amount of any premium, paid in respect of insurance against risk of damage or destruction of the premises. Deductions to be allowed in respect of repairs and insurance of machinery, plant and furniture. The following deductions shall be allowed in respect of repairs and insurance of machinery, plant and furniture: The amount paid on account of current repairs thereto; excluding expenditure in the nature of capital expenditure. The amount of any premium, paid in respect of insurance against damage or destruction thereof. Ans 4) Settlement of disputes Settlement of disputes could be done through Norms of industrial disputes act 1947 Work committee Voluntary arbitration Court of enquiry Ans 5) Future of service tax in India Service tax in India was introduced in 1994-95 to correct the asymmetric treatment of goods and services in the tax framework and to widen the tax net. Need to introduce service tax was felt due to the fact that service sector contributed to around half of GDP but it wasn’t taxed. The numbers of services liable for taxation were gradually raised from 3 in 1994-95 to virtually all service in budget 2012-13 except for the services enlisted in the negative list. The negative list includes the services by Government or a local authority, services by the Reserve Bank of India, Services by a foreign diplomatic mission located in India, services relating to agriculture, Service of transportation of passengers, Funeral, burial, crematorium or mortuary services etc. In the last eight odd years, after a modest beginning, service tax had become one of the most important sources of government revenue. Budget 2012-13 increased the service tax rate from 10 percent to 12 percent. Already, a cess is imposed on all indirect taxes including service tax to finance secondary and higher education. In 2011-12, Rs 95,000 crores are expected to mop up through service tax and for 2012-13, target is to collect as much as Rs.1.24 Lakh crores. The increase in service tax is opposed by different section of the business community. At present, service sector contributes more than 55 percent of GDP and its share is likely to increase in future as it is poised to grow between 8-10 percent in next decade along with the reduced share of primary sector. This offers tremendous revenue potential to the Government. It is expected that in due course, service tax would reduce the tax burden on international trade (Customs duty) and domestic manufacturing sector (Excise duty). So a planned growth of service tax would be commensurate with the goals of economic  liberalization and globalization. This process requires levy of taxes on new services without substantial rise in the rate or cost of collection. The service tax promises many opportunities as well as challenges to realize the opportunities. For instance, increased revenue through service tax will help in bridging the fiscal deficit, finance the social services, reduce the burden on commodity taxes etc. The challenges include providing more simplified tax administration in the country which will reduce the tax evasion. Further, department should intensify the field survey operations to ensure that all taxable service assessees are brought into the tax net and service tax due from them are collected without hitch. While the basic tenet of voluntary compliance of service tax law has to be adhered to, the habitual evaders of service tax must be booked for appropriate action under the law. Effective use of Audit and Anti-evasion tools for ensuring the compliance on the part of the assessee and curbing the instances of irregularities and tax evasion are the need of hour. Greater emphasis should be laid on training the staff in Information Technology skills necessary to carry out effective, systematic and result oriented analysis of data available in the system, to achieve the target. Electronic Tax Administration (ETA) system for service tax should be effectively implemented so that service tax could be administered as a pioneer e-tax of the country. Adequate staff must be deployed along with suitable infrastructure and conveyance to implement service tax law effectively. In future, service tax will be integrated with commodity taxes to give rise to the Goods and Service Tax (GST). The proposed Goods and Service Tax is the part of the tax reforms that centre around evolving an efficient and harmonized consumption tax system in the country. Presently, there are parallel systems of indirect taxation at the Central and State level. The existing service tax system poses an imminent challenge to reform its synergies to eventually harmonize itself in the GST regime. Successful integration of goods and service tax would give India a world-class tax system and will bring in improved tax collection. In a way, it will boost our economy and enable us to compete at the global front. As a result, our system will eventually match the international standard in the sphere of indirect taxation. It will also end the long standing distortions  of differential treatments to the manufacturing and service sectors. GST would be a single comprehensive indirect tax to be levied on goods and services. It would be levied at every production and distribution chain with the eligibility to claim indirect taxes paid on procurement chain. Under the current regime, there is a fractured credit mechanism where businesses dont get credit for all the taxes they pay. The effort to prepare for a smooth integration with the GST without any hardship to public is a big challenge, which needs to be handled at the field as well policy level. GST is the future of all indirect taxes in India for which a consensus is needed between the central and state governments. It was supposed to be implemented from 1 April 2010 but is postponed every year due to lack of consensus. The delay in the implementation is causing loss to the tune of thousands of crores every year which could have gained in by increased efficiency. The central government should come forward with some form of incentive driven plan to bring the GST regime in the country which poised to put the fiscal administration of the country at higher level. 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